Polycystic Ovarian syndrome disease is very common disorder now a days, very frequently spelled as PCOD. Although this is not correct, because PCOS is characterized as a syndrome, rather than a disease. It is the most common cause of Anovulation and secondary Amenorrhoea in the adolescents.This syndrome is characterized by oligomenorrhoea, hirsuitism and obesity, it is associated with insulin resistance and the development of Diabetes. 1% of female population suffers from PCOS, and the patients are mostly 15 to 25 years of age group.

      This disease was earlier known as Stein-Leventhal Syndrome. Irving Feiler Stein graduated from Rush Medical College in 1912. He was trained in obstetrics and gynaecology at the Michael Reese Hospital, and from 1916 he remained associated with this hospital for the rest of his life. He also held senior academic appointment in obstetrics and Gynaecology at the Northwestern University Medical School and was a senior member of the staff of the highland Park Hospital. Stein’s main field of investigation was female infertility. Michael Leo Leventhal, with whom he shares eponymic fame, was his colleague.

      In polycystic ovary disease, enlarged ovaries with thickened sclerotic capsules and an abnormally high number of follicles are present. The follicles may concurrently exist in varying states of growth, maturation, or atresia.

      Although a multiplicity of clinical presentations exists, Stein and Leventhal reported the classic symptomatology in 1935. They described a group of women with amenorrhea, infertility, hirsutism, and enlarged polycystic ovaries. The authors found that, after ovarian biopsy, the women began to menstruate regularly. As was discovered over time, women may have polycystic ovaries, yet their cases may not conform to all of the original criteria. Therefore, Stein-Leventhal syndrome became a subgroup of a more encompassing disease called polycystic ovary disease.

      As more information regarding the nature of the condition has come to light, other terms have been applied, including polycystic ovaries syndrome and polyfollicular ovarian disease. In actuality, polycystic ovaries are not the primary cause of amenorrhea or hirsutism in this condition. They are simply one sign of an underlying endocrinologic disorder that ultimately results in anovulation.